ICTACT Journal on Management Studies

N. Selvaraj ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Saraswathi Narayanan College, IN

Abstract

Middle income people never thought of owning a car in the past. The village people in those days in the past used to see the car as rare thing. Due to effect of globalization, cultural transformation was felt everywhere which in turn gave rise to the knowledge development by way of increase in the educational ratio in the country. A modern consumer theory regards consumers as full members of the market who create their utility in the context of household”. Therefore, the consumers’ value that goods to be purchased or the goods already purchased should have the maximum utility. In the context of purchasing a small car, a consumer looks for the utility value of the car. This study may help the car manufacturers to understand their position in service quality, manufacturing and marketing systems. So the manufacturers can boldly enter into the venture of small car production by involving suitable strategies commensurate with the expectations of customers and give them satisfaction. The methodology followed in this study has been detailed below: Since the study is based heavily on primary data, the customer of small cars is identified by contacting respective Regional Transport offices, the petrol bunks, friends, relatives and service stations. The total customers are the global population and from them, sample customers were identified.

Keywords

Customers, Manufacturers, Purchasing and Utility.

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N. Selvaraj ¹, V. Alagupandi ², R. Santhanamari ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Saraswathi Narayanan College, IN
2 Department of Management Studies, Institute of Cooperative Management, IN
3 Department of Management Studies, Madurai Kamaraj University, IN

Abstract

All commercial banks in the market try to sell more products, adopt new dynamic marketing strategies, to develop new innovative products and to place greater emphasis on the quality of both the tangible and the intangible aspects of their service. To achieve customer satisfaction and retention, it is essential to determine the dimensions of service quality. They are reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, tangibles, price, access, and effectiveness. These qualities are more important to different customers. The present study is based on both primary and secondary sources. The primary data was collected from the customers of commercial banks by sample survey through structural interview schedule. “Home proximity” was the most important reason influencing respondents to go in for the public sector banks. Majority of the respondents gave priority to go in for private sector banks, for they were offering varieties of loan schemes. Utmost care should be taken by the public sector banks to improve the aspects relating to assurance dimension. Bank branches should provide sufficient and proper vehicle parking lots wherever possible.

Keywords

Banks, Customer, Public and Service.

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N. Selvaraj ¹, P. Murugesan ², V. Alagupandi ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Saraswathi Narayanan College, IN
2 Department of Management studies, Madurai Kamaraj University College, IN
3 Department of Management studies, Institute of Cooperative Management, IN

Abstract

The attributes may vary according to the individual taste, experience, and like. The second one is that, the consumer is likely to attach different importance weights to the relevant attributes namely attributes importance and attributes salience. In the customer’s evaluation towards purchase of a car, three additional factors also intervene. The first is the attitude of others. If the wife of customer thinks that the proposed car is pretentious, his favourable attitude is reduced. The post purchase cognitive disagreement is common among purchases of, homes, automobiles, and major appliances. According to Festinger, “The magnitude of post decision disagreement is an increasing function of the general importance of the decision and of the relative attractiveness of the unchosen alternatives”. The Consumer form their expectations on the basis of messages, claims sent out by the seller, through blogging, internet, advertisements, media and other communication sources. If the seller makes exaggerated claims for the product, the consumer experiences disconfirmed expectations, which lead to dissatisfaction. The contrast theory says that the amount of dissatisfaction will be larger than the performance gap. But it may change due to the influence of various economic, cultural and environmental factors. It is vital to find out the determinants of the behaviour and intention of the customer in purchasing a small car. Also their expectations and delivery of services in the areas of tangibles, individualized attention, performance, assurance and empathy or courtesy. As these dimension are prime importance for any car manufacturing company, they generate interest in knowing the factors which give rise to customer satisfaction.

Keywords

Attributes, Evaluation, Perception, Behaviour and Customer.

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N. Selvaraj ¹, P. Murugesan ², V. Alagupandi ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Saraswathi Narayanan College, IN
2 Department of Management Studies, Madurai Kamaraj University College, IN
3 Department of Management Studies, Institute of Cooperative Management, IN

Abstract

Unless there is good environment for starting Automobile industries, it is not possible to survive in the industry. The State Government of Tamil Nadu, encourages these industries to start the units, by offering as many as concessions, like providing land in cheaper cost, providing infrastructural facilities namely electricity, water and roads. Except the variable “Broad wheel base”, all the other nine variables were highly perceived by the male and female customers. The significant difference of perception was found in only one variable that is “Broad Wheel Base”. Hence, it is concluded that, the male and female customers like the car fitted with latest technologically, newly developed accessories and systems, since they think alike in respect of all the nine variables. The significant difference of perception among the two types of customers belong to joint and nuclear families with regard to the variables namely, since fully automatic, Eco friendly and drivability in traffic is good. It is concluded that, both the above two types of customers, prefer a car developed with latest technology. The present day customers are more aware of the latest technological developments in automobile sector. So every customer gives more important that his car should have provided with the latest technologies. In line of the above, they have preferred the car with latest technology, having power steering, air bags, ABS break system and eco-friendly with less emission of CO2 (Euro IV model), drivability in traffic was also considered by them. The Total Productivity Maintenance (TPM) will give effective programme in terms of increased plant efficiency and productivity. It is a competitive strategy aimed at enhancing the productivity of men, machine, method and to maintain the level consistently involving the people at level and functions of management. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) should be done.

Keywords

Automobile, Manufacturing, Perception, Technological and Customer.

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N. Selvaraj ¹, V. Alagupandi ², R. Santhanamari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Saraswathi Narayanan College, IN
2 Department of Management Studies, Institute of Cooperative Management, IN

Abstract

The Economic Globalization has improved the purchasing power of the Indian society. Attracting and convincing the customers by supplying the commodity that suits their needs and expectations are the major aspects for the manufacturers to survive in the market. This paper presents the analysis of data collected for the study along with interpretation of the results. The data were analyzed using various and appropriate statistical tools. The results thus obtained are portrayed in Tables for easy understanding and interpretation. The results are presented in a sequential manner. As revealed by the respondents, there are nine supporting variables that have influenced the customer to purchase the car. They are: prompt service, delivery of the serviced vehicle at the correct time, nice experience with the workshop service, the company’s capacity to instill confidence in customers, convenient working hours, maintenance of error free records, sending prompt reminders to the customers for regular service, thorough check-up to detect even the mistakes that are not noticed by the customer, and most importantly roadside assistance throughout India. Since there is no significant difference of perception found in any of the factors, the significant difference of perception among the three groups of customers was ruled out and concluded that the different groups of customers’ opinions on the factors are the same. The perception of six types of customers namely, Business, Company Executives, Government Staff, Academicians, Professionals and Ex-service staff on the five factors of Tangibles in service-quality were considered to determine the satisfactory factors. The high mean score signifies optimum satisfaction. Though there is a significant difference of perception among the four groups of customers on the dimension of Courtesy or Empathy, the ‘F’ statistics of the factor ‘consistently courteous with customer’ is found to be at the 5% level. Hence, it is inferred that the factor that causes the difference is the perception of the customers.

Keywords

Tangibles, Service, Perception, Customers and Empathy.

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N. Selvaraj ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Saraswathi Narayanan College, IN

Abstract

Entrepreneurs of first generation are not doing well though they have entered into small-scale industrial ventures. They face a lot of operational problems while managing their establishments. The problems are, lack of raw-material, finance, marketing, government, funding agencies, competition and support from the family. Based on the primary data, the present study attempts to identify the factors which influenced the first generation entrepreneurs to identify their skills. For this purpose, 12 statements relating to the need of seed capital for a good start of the enterprise by the first generation entrepreneurs have been selected to identify the significant dimensions of the factors, with the help of factor analytical technique. It is inferred from the above factor analysis that the following factors have influenced the first generation entrepreneurs from the view point of their need for a seed capital as per the context of this study: need- seed, necessary, business soul, compromise, innovation. Further, it is inferred that there is a need for a war front action from the government to monitor its organizations established for entrepreneurship development and small industries development, and take stringent actions to ensure the practical application of the rules and regulations by controlling red tapism. Also, there is a need for the rejuvenation of new/first generation entrepreneurs, who are encountering problems.

Keywords

Factor Analysis, Need-Seed, Business Soul, Compromise, Innovation.

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N. Selvaraj ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Saraswathi Narayanan College, IN

Abstract

Some of the consumers who get satisfied in the ambience of the product, not bothering about the quality, utility, price and technology even never bother about their affordability. It is the colour or the shape that may attract the consumer and not the brand or anything else. The dimension Ambience is also an important one to give satisfaction to the customer while buying a car. The customers were used to be attracted by some factors of the product. Some may look for the longevity of the product. The hypothesis, “there is no difference of perception among the customers belong to the family size of below three and above three with regard to the dimension ambience” is rejected, partially with regard to the one variable and accepted mostly on other four variables. To identify the satisfying factors under the dimension ambience, among the four groups of customers belong to different income, they were asked to rate the five factors given in five point scale. The factors were identified by the higher intensity of perception which could be decided from the mean scores of the factors. The mean scores and the ‘F’ statistics have been derived from the test of one way ANOVA. The next one is the bench marking, which involves looking outward to examine how others achieve their performance and to change the present process to suit to the requirements or to improve it further. Taguchi’s quality loss function will also help to modify the product into quality one with minimum efforts and maximum skills.

Keywords

Ambience, Customers, Factors, Purchasing and Perception.

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N. Selvaraj ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Saraswathi Narayanan College, IN

Abstract

The banking sector plays an essential role in the development of Indian economy. Before the sunrise of independence, the development of the banking area became now not satisfactory. In the ones days the purpose of the bank changed into to earn profit as opposed to render offerings to the public at big. A bank is a group, which deals with money and credit. For a not unusual guy, a bank way a shop residence of money, for a businessman it's far an institution of finance and for an everyday customer it's far a depository for his financial savings. Honestly banks are enterprise corporations selling financial institution offerings. Banks play a crucial function to serve the human beings and improve the financial system of any U.S. Now-days, banking area acts because the backbone of current business. Improvement of any united states in particular relies upon upon the banking machine. A bank is an economic group which offers with deposits and advances and other related offerings. There’s vast distinction amongst age in regards to the size of centers. There is no tremendous distinction among age in regards to the size of strategy, Orientation, know-how, Empathy, Responsiveness, Accessibility, area and device. There may be no large distinction amongst Literacy stage with regard to the dimension of Responsiveness, assurance, prices, centers and space. There’s no vast difference among Literacy degree with reference to the measurement of strategy, Orientation, understanding, Empathy, Responsiveness, Accessibility, area and system. In the days to come, banks are anticipated to play a totally critical position in the monetary improvement and the rising market will offer enterprise and advertising and marketing opportunities to harness. As banking in India becomes increasingly know-how supported, capital will become the best property of the banking system.

Keywords

Banks, Customers, Development, Modern Day Commercial Enterprise, Client Mindset

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N. Selvaraj ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Saraswathi Narayanan College, IN

Abstract

Micro level studies for every region are necessary for understanding the performance, prospects and issues of small, tiny and Medium Enterprises in several regions of the country. the current study is targeted on small, tiny and Medium Enterprises in state. the information is collected from sample comprising of assorted Manufacture and repair suppliers. To analyse the issues of the small, tiny and Medium Entrepreneurs and their expectations. The investigator collected information inside a brief amount that is assigned by the respondents as they were busy with another business operations. several respondents had terribly low level of education, that the responsibility of the information is ensured by perennial questioning by other ways. With relation to the issue “Skill and Development”, Steps to develop social control skills, coaching in development of traits, Development of communication ability, and Exposure to innovative ways. the expansion of MSME in pan Asian nation level further as in state has been in increasing trend, there a requirement of wide packaging of MSME Schemes and their advantages to tend to the folks. it will cause new folks to enter into entrepreneurial activities and supreme increase in range of units, employment, investment and stuck assets and well-being of country and folks.

Keywords

Personal, Financial, Marketing, Managerial, Infrastructural and Government Support Downside.

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N. Selvaraj ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Saraswathi Narayanan College, IN

Abstract

Education is the prime avenue for empowering women. This process of empowering entails much more than awareness of alternatives, women’s rights and the nature of the requirements. To analyse the association between the profile of the respondents and dimension of empowerment. The research design in the present study is descriptive in nature since it describes the phenomena of eradication of poverty through empowerment. Higher education motivated women to balance between domestic work and career work is the top ranked educational empowerment, reduction in infant mortality rate largely depends on higher education is the second top ranked educational empowerment. A need to establish separate educational, institutional and provision of self-employment shall be highly initiative for enhancement of women’s educational output.

Keywords

Age, Educational Qualifications, Caste, Religion, Employment, Status.

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N. Selvaraj ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Saraswathi Narayanan College, IN

Abstract

The problems in promoting of bank services in urban and semi-urban square measure as are completely different. The sort of services needed differs in urban and rural square measure as and stratified services are required within the industry. Folks have a large selection of services and a multiplicity of product desires. However, they’re continually tuned in to convenience, cost, safety, speed, respect, quality, courtesy and class. The current day bankers got to reply to the wants of the shoppers during this intensely competitive and quickly ever-changing atmosphere. A bank is an establishment that deals with cash and credit. For a standard man, a bank suggests that a store house of cash, for a bourgeois it’s an establishment of finance and for every day to day client it’s a facility for his savings. Truly banks square measure business organizations commercialism bank services. Banks play a significant role to serve the folks and improve the economy of any country. Now-days, banking sector acts because the backbone of recent business. Development of any country chiefly depends upon the banking industry. A bank could be a financial organization that deals with deposits and advances and different connected services. The promotional measures like personal commercialism, loan melas, ad through newspapers, co-operative bank workers, the posters and pamphlets could also be increased so as to retain existing customers and attract new customers within the state. Regular feedbacks ought to be taken by the shoppers regarding the operating of the banks such feedback offers Associate in nursing insight of shopper’s expectation from banks and offers scope for any improvement. Within the days to come back, banks square measure expected to play a really vital role within the economic development and therefore the rising market can give business and promoting opportunities to harness. As banking in Asian nation can become additional and additional information supported, capital can emerge because the finest assets of the banking industry.

Keywords

Banks, Customers, Development, Fashionable Business, Client Perspective

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N. Selvaraj ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Saraswathi Narayanan College, IN

Abstract

Housing, conceived as a set of services, is an important aspect of the environment that has a profound impact on the socio-economic, physical and psychological development of human beings. The present study is an empirical one based on the survey method. Though the study is empirical in nature, it is supported by secondary data. In the process of the analysis of the attitude of respondents towards the features of housing finance, Factor Analysis has been applied. It is used to identify and define the underlying dimensions in the variables discussed. To avoid such a situation, the Reserve Bank of India should give strict instructions to the housing finance institutions about the sanctity of the type of interest rate. It should issue guidelines regarding the operation of both the types of interest rate.

Keywords

Housing Loan, Financial Institutions, Borrower, Factor, Attitude

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N. Selvaraj ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Saraswathi Narayanan College, IN

Abstract

Empowerment as a social process challenges the fundamental imbalances of power distribution and relations. The social empowerment scale employs indicators such as gender discrimination, female infanticide, dowry, marriage, poverty, caste and social justice to assess the level of empowerment of women. To identify the dimension of empowerments among the respondents. To examine the relation between the degree of consultation and profile variables, the Chi- Square test of the following formula was applied: The aspects of eradication of poverty through women empowerment have been measured with the help of the variables drawn from previous studies. Higher educated women forming caste less society, possibility of inter caste marriage for higher educated women, possibility for higher education women to participate in social activities and higher educated women need not be submissive to men and other women always are the last ranked factor that affects the opinion of the social empowerment. The researcher has extended certain suggestions for resolution of the problem in shape of altering women’s illiterate status to an educated- being. Area of the study is dominated by patriarchy, male dominancy and centuries old traditions that tend to intensify all the other constraints.

Keywords

Dharna, Marriage, Social Evils, Domestic Violence, Laws

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N. Selvaraj ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Saraswathi Narayanan College, IN

Abstract

The ‘spirit of entrepreneurship’ becomes a cornerstone on those no-hit economies may be engineered. Entrepreneurship is associate enigmatic conception and connotes various things to totally different individuals, as well as entrepreneurs themselves. this study is concentrated on small, tiny and Medium Enterprises in province. the info was collected from sample comprising of assorted Manufacture and repair suppliers. To analyse the entrepreneurial spirit of the small, tiny and Medium Entrepreneurs. A motive may be a drive that causes someone to require action to satisfy his specific desires. The factors that impelled the businessperson spirit among small, tiny and Medium Entrepreneurs in Tamil Nadu for fitting, operation, promotion of the enterprises was analyzed with the assistance of an element analysis. The revolved issue matrix for the 25 variables of motivation of entrepreneurial spirit among entrepreneurs. The 25 statements are reborn into seven factors like Family, Compulsion, Ambition, Facilitation, Revival, power and Pleasure. With the aim of developing the small, tiny and Medium Entrepreneurs, the govt. has dedicated itself in achieving excellence in formulation and implementation of commercial policies that aim at providing prompt and economical services to the MSMEs for sleek implementation and no-hit operations of commercial comes.

Keywords

Family, Compulsion, Ambition, Facilitation, Revival, Power, Pleasure

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